001. the NYT's Anahad O'Connor reports in "New York Attorney General Targets Supplements at Major Retailers" (2015-02-03; my comments are in unquoted bold):
"the New York State attorney general’s office accused four major retailers on Monday of selling fraudulent and potentially dangerous herbal supplements and demanded that they remove the products from their shelves [...] the first time that a law enforcement agency had threatened the biggest
retail and drugstore chains with legal action for selling what it said
were deliberately misleading herbal products [...] the authorities said they had conducted tests on top-selling store
brands of herbal supplements at four national retailers — GNC, Target,
Walgreens and Walmart — and found that four out of five of the products
did not contain any of the herbs on their labels [...] the problems are widespread [...] the investigation came as a welcome surprise to health experts who have
long complained about the quality and safety of dietary supplements,
which are exempt from the strict regulatory oversight applied to prescription drugs [...] under a 1994 federal law, supplements are exempt from the F.D.A.’s
strict approval process for prescription drugs, which requires reviews
of a product’s safety and effectiveness before it goes to market [...] 'these products are not subject to F.D.A.’s premarket review or
approval requirements for safety and effectiveness,' the F.D.A. stated,
'nor to the agency’s rigorous manufacturing and testing standards for
drugs.'";
scoundrels.
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